The lyrics of "When The Sun Goes Down" paint a vivid picture of a girl navigating the streets at night, embodying the struggles faced by many in urban environments. The opening lines set the scene, introducing the listener to a gritty urban landscape where the sun's descent marks a shift in atmosphere. The girl, who is central to the narrative, symbolizes vulnerability and the harsh realities of life in the city. As she roams the streets, the lyrics hint at her desperation and the predatory nature of those around her, particularly a man described as a 'scumbag.' This character represents the darker side of human interactions, showcasing how some individuals exploit the vulnerabilities of others. The repeated chorus serves as a stark reminder of the transformation that occurs when the sun goes down, emphasizing the contrast between the safety of daylight and the dangers that lurk in the shadows. The song's mood is gritty and reflective, capturing the essence of urban life where hope and despair coexist. The Arctic Monkeys' delivery adds to the intensity of the narrative, making the listener feel the weight of the girl's experiences and the predatory environment she inhabits. Overall, the song serves as a commentary on the complexities of human behavior and the societal issues that arise in urban settings, particularly at night.

Released in 2006, "When The Sun Goes Down" reflects the cultural landscape of the mid-2000s, a time when indie rock was gaining significant popularity. The Arctic Monkeys emerged as a leading band in this genre, known for their sharp lyrics and energetic performances. The song captures the essence of urban life, resonating with listeners who experienced similar struggles in their own cities. The live performance aspect adds an extra layer of authenticity, showcasing the band's ability to connect with their audience through powerful storytelling.